GIG ECONOMY

Karachi, home to over 20 million people, is witnessing a significant shift in how people earn a living. Increasingly, residents are becoming part of what is known as the gig economy. This means they work as freelancers or take on short-term projects, rather than having permanent, full-time jobs. It is a trend that is especially popular among the youth who are comfortable with technology, educated and keen to earn money on their own terms. For many, this kind of work brings both promise and pressure, offering opportunities for independence but also posing serious challenges.

Freelancing in Karachi mostly happens online. People sign up on global platforms like Fiverr, Upwork and Freelancer.com, or even join local Facebook groups to find work. They offer a range of skills, including graphic design, writing, web development, video editing, digital marketing, translation, voiceovers and online tutoring. The ability to earn in US dollars is a big draw, especially in a country facing rising inflation and a weakening rupee. For some, freelancing begins as a side job but soon becomes their primary or sole source of income.

This rise in freelance work is closely linked to the widespread adoption of internet access and mobile phones. As more people in Karachi own smartphones and have access to affordable data, it becomes easier for them to find and do online work. Pakistan is now among the top five countries in the world for freelance work, and Karachi plays a crucial role in this success. Since the job market is not growing fast enough to provide regular employment for all the educated youth, freelancing offers an alternative. It allows people to work from home, avoid long commutes and often helps support entire families.

One of the main reasons freelancing is so attractive is the freedom it gives. People can choose when and where to work, take breaks at their convenience and select projects that align with their interests. This flexibility has been a game-changer for many women in Karachi. In a city where safety concerns and social expectations can limit women’s ability to work outside, freelancing offers a way to earn without stepping out. Many women are now the main earners in their homes, working online as designers, tutors, writers, or marketers.

Still, the gig economy in Karachi comes with its fair share of difficulties. Many freelancers work without contracts, fixed pay or access to benefits like health insurance. They often face situations where clients refuse to pay or vanish without a word. While websites that connect freelancers with clients do offer some protection, they also take a share of the money and charge fees. Freelancers who work outside these platforms, such as through social media or word of mouth referrals, have even fewer safeguards in place.

The story of Karachi’s gig economy is, in essence, a tale about the future of work. It demonstrates how talent, technology and determination can combine to address some of the city’s most significant challenges

Another problem is that many people enter freelancing without any proper training. They do not always know how to price their work, manage clients or plan their time. This can lead to underpayment, poor-quality work or even burnout. Freelancers from Karachi are often paid less than the international rates, simply because of the city’s lower cost of living. As a result, many are forced to charge less just to stay competitive, which only makes things harder in the long run.

There is also a mental and emotional cost. Since freelancers are always looking for their next job, they rarely take proper breaks. There is no paid leave or guaranteed rest. Some work through illness, or stay up all night to meet deadlines, especially when clients are in different time zones. This constant pressure to stay online, reply quickly and stay ahead can be exhausting and lonely.

Apart from online freelancers, the gig economy in Karachi also includes people who earn through apps like Careem, Bykea, Foodpanda and Uber. They work as drivers or delivery riders. These jobs also offer daily earnings, but workers often cover their own costs for fuel, vehicle repairs, or even rent. And since they are not official employees, they do not receive health benefits or job security. If their app account is blocked or they fall ill, they lose their income instantly.

To make gig work more secure and beneficial for the growing number of freelancers, several steps are needed. First, there should be better education and training. Courses in digital skills, time management, pricing and client handling can make a big difference. Both the government bodies and private organisations should step in to support these efforts.

Second, there should be fair laws that protect gig workers from abuse and ensure they receive proper compensation. Freelancers are adding value to the economy and should have basic rights. Third, we need more awareness about mental health, healthy work habits, and the importance of fair pricing. Communities of freelancers who support one another, share advice and look out for each other can also help reduce isolation and stress.

Despite the numerous challenges, many young people in Karachi continue to join the gig economy because it provides them with a sense of control. They are no longer waiting for job offers; they are creating their own opportunities. This represents a significant shift in a city that has struggled with high unemployment and limited formal job opportunities. However, for Karachi’s gig economy to succeed, it must become safer, fairer and more sustainable.

The story of Karachi’s gig economy is, in essence, a tale about the future of work. It demonstrates how talent, technology and determination can combine to address some of the city’s most significant challenges. It also reminds us that freedom, when not matched by support and protection, can turn into a struggle.

To build a better future for freelancers and gig workers, we must ensure they are respected, fairly treated and properly equipped. Only then will this new way of working become a lasting force for progress, not just a way to get by.

The writer is a seasoned journalist and a communications professional. He can be reached at: [email protected]