The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) has officially set November 27, 2025, as the date for critical by-elections across 24 electoral units in Kenya. These mini-polls are poised to fill 23 vacant seats, including one senatorial position, six parliamentary seats, and 16 ward positions, marking a significant political event in anticipation of the 2027 General Election.

Aspirants seeking to contest in these by-elections must adhere to a stringent set of eligibility criteria. Only Kenyan citizens by birth are permitted to run, and individuals holding dual citizenship are mandated to formally renounce it prior to contesting. Furthermore, all candidates are required to possess at least a post-secondary qualification recognized within Kenya. Nomination fees have been structured, with women, youth, and persons with disabilities required to pay Sh10,000, while all other candidates will submit Sh20,000. Independent candidates face an additional requirement, needing to submit a list of 1,000 registered voters from their desired electoral area, each accompanied by a copy of their national ID. Essential documents for nomination include a copy of the national identity card, academic certificates, a nomination certificate from the Commission, and a self-declaration form from the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission.

Beyond educational and identity requirements, candidates must also meet stringent legal and ethical standards. These include compliance with the Leadership and Integrity Act, ensuring they are not bankrupt, and having no criminal convictions resulting in a sentence exceeding six months. Additionally, any individual who has served as a public officer within five months of the election date is barred from contesting. Nomination can be pursued either through a registered political party or as an independent candidate.

The IEBC has confirmed that preparations are well underway, including updates to the voter register, to ensure the smooth conduct of the mini-polls. IEBC Chairperson Erastus Ethekon acknowledged previous delays due to the reconstitution of the Commission but assured the public of its full operational status. He highlighted the urgency, noting that constituencies like Banisa have lacked representation for nearly three years. Aspirants are strongly advised to ensure all requirements are met and documentation is complete ahead of the polls.

The vacancies have arisen from diverse circumstances. Banisa lost its Member of Parliament, Kullow Hassan Aden, in a hit-and-run accident in March 2023. Malava’s seat became vacant following the death of Malulu Injendi, while Magarini’s election was nullified by the Supreme Court. Kasipul’s Charles Were was tragically assassinated in May. Ugunja and Mbeere North seats fell vacant after their respective MPs received Cabinet appointments. Numerous ward seats were also declared vacant, spanning locations such as Angata Nanyokie (Samburu), Chemundu/Kapng’etuny (Nandi), Chewani (Tana River), Fafi (Garissa), Kariobangi North (Nairobi), Kisa East (Kakamega), Metkei (Elgeyo Marakwet), Mumbuni North (Machakos), Narok Town (Narok), Purko (Kajiado), Tembelio (Uasin Gishu), Nyansiongo, Nyamaiya and Ekerenyo (Nyamira), Lake Zone and Nanaam (Turkana), and Kabuchai/Chwele Ward (Bungoma).

In a significant political development, the United Democratic Alliance (UDA) and the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) parties have initiated a joint effort aimed at securing a majority of seats in these forthcoming by-elections. This collaboration occurs amid an increasingly competitive landscape, driven by a united opposition front. Reports indicate that a joint team, appointed by President William Ruto and ODM leader Raila Odinga, is working behind the scenes to establish common positions and lay the groundwork for what could evolve into a coalition government ahead of the 2027 General Election.

Adding another dimension to the political contest, the Kenya African National Union (Kanu) has officially unveiled Peter Kariuki Nganga as its candidate for the Kariobangi North by-election. This move signifies Kanu’s renewed determination to regain political influence in Nairobi and across the country. Speaking at a press briefing, Kanu official and Nairobi gubernatorial hopeful Tony Gachoka welcomed Kariuki to the party following his defection from UDA, emphasizing Kanu's vision as a strong national party ready to contest various electoral battles, including the 2027 Nairobi gubernatorial race. Kanu has also confirmed plans to field candidates in other by-elections, reinforcing its commitment to strengthening its presence before the next general elections.

During the announcement, Kanu leaders voiced strong criticism against the current political leadership in Nairobi and the national government. Gachoka asserted that the country has been heading in the wrong direction since the 2022 elections, citing escalating living costs, rampant corruption, and alleged state repression during recent public protests. He specifically condemned the situation in Nairobi, describing the capital as having become a hub of criminal enterprise, with surging crime rates and perceived inaction from elected officials. Gachoka also referenced Nairobi Governor Sakaja's recent near-impeachment as evidence of failed leadership, labeling him a