In Nigeria, police deployed tear gas to disperse protesters in Abuja who were demanding the release of separatist leader Nnamdi Kanu. Kanu, who leads the banned Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) and holds British citizenship, has been detained on terrorism charges since 2021 after his re-arrest abroad. Omoyele Sowore, publisher of Sahara Reporters, led the demonstration, while police blocked major roads, causing significant traffic disruption. Amnesty International Nigeria criticized the police's use of tear gas, labeling it a violation of citizens' constitutional rights to peaceful assembly, as Kanu's trial continues following the dismissal of his legal team's bid to drop the case.

A new report from the Commission of Inquiry on Tigray Genocide (CITG) has uncovered extensive evidence of sexual and gender-based violence targeting hundreds of thousands of women and girls in Ethiopia's Tigray region during the two-year conflict. The report highlights rape, sexual slavery, and other forms of violence as deliberate weapons of war, affecting victims aged from two to 88, including religious women. Findings included cases of forced impregnation, fistula, and HIV infection. Commissioner Yemane Zeray stated that the data was collected through detailed surveys and interviews with survivors, medical experts, and community leaders. The commission has urged independent international investigations and full cooperation from Ethiopian and Eritrean authorities, cautioning against politically influenced justice processes.

Cameroon's influential Catholic Church has called for calm amid rising fears of violence as the nation awaits the official results of the 12 October presidential election. Opposition candidate Issa Tchiroma Bakary, a former government spokesman, prematurely declared himself the winner over 92-year-old President Paul Biya, who is seeking to extend his 43-year rule. Tchiroma's declaration was swiftly condemned by both the government and Biya's ruling party as illegal. The Constitutional Council is expected to release the final results by 27 October, with the National Episcopal Conference of Cameroon emphasizing the importance of peace and stability and expressing hope that the official result will accurately reflect the will of the electorate.

In Mozambique, former presidential candidate Venancio Mondlane has denied orchestrating calls for street demonstrations, despite a warning from the Mozambican police (PRM) against participating in actions that could disrupt public order. This caution followed concerns about protests after the widely disputed October 2024 elections. Mondlane instead encouraged citizens to reflect on the country they aspire to live in, coinciding with the first anniversary of the murders of his lawyer, Elvino Dias, and election agent Paulo Guambe. Both men were ambushed and killed in Maputo, with police reporting no progress in identifying their killers. Commemorative events were held in Maputo, where Mondlane hailed Dias as a hero, while the Mozambican Bar Association criticized authorities for the unexplained delays in the murder investigation, warning that prolonged silence erodes trust in justice and imperils democracy.

Sudan has seen ongoing military action, with the Sudanese Armed Forces conducting air and drone strikes in El Geneina, West Darfur, and Saraf Umra, North Darfur, resulting in civilian casualties and significant destruction, including a blaze at El Geneina's Government Secretariat and an ammunition depot. Officials from the RSF-backed Sudan Founding Alliance condemned these attacks as