Doctor Verified

The HPV vaccine is generally recommended for young girls and women. But men too should get vaccinated, especially when they haven’t already been exposed to the virus.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the name of a group of 200 known viruses. Some HPV infections cause genital warts, while others can cause abnormal cells to develop, which over time become cancer.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2019 alone, HPV caused an estimated 6.2 lakh cancer cases in women and 70,000 cancer cases in men. The global health body highlights that in 90% of people, the body controls HPV infections on its own.

However, sometimes, HPV infections last longer, leading to the development of abnormal cells which go on to become cancer. HPV infections can cause cancers of the:

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• Anus
• Back of the throat (called oropharyngeal cancer), including the base of the tongue and tonsils

HPV vaccination is the best way to prevent HPV infection, cervical cancer and other HPV-related cancers.

Dr Shanawaz says, "The HPV vaccine is crucial for men in India, as it prevents various cancers and diseases caused by the human papillomavirus. HPV can cause penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers, as well as genital warts. By vaccinating men, we not only protect them but also reduce the transmission of HPV to their partners, ultimately benefiting public health."

According to the doctor, different types of cancers can affect men, which can be caused by high-risk HPV types, such as HPV-16 and HPV-18. "In India, where cervical cancer is a significant concern, vaccinating men can also help reduce the transmission of HPV to their female partners, thereby reducing the risk of cervical cancer."

As per the WHO, the HPV vaccine is primarily recommended for girls aged 9–14, ideally before they become sexually active. However, vaccinating boys and older females is also advised when resources allow, as it can offer broader protection and help reduce the overall spread of the virus.

“In India, the ideal age for men to get vaccinated is between 9 and 14 years, with a two-dose schedule,” shares Dr Shanawaz, adding that the vaccine is most effective when administered before exposure to the virus, which often occurs through sexual contact.

However, men up to the age of 45 can also get vaccinated, albeit with a three-dose schedule.

While the HPV vaccine is often associated with preventing cervical cancer in women, it’s equally important for men. HPV can cause cancers of the penis, anus, and throat, as well as genital warts. Getting vaccinated, ideally before becoming sexually active, offers the best protection, but it's still beneficial at later ages. By including boys and men in vaccination efforts, we can significantly reduce the risk of HPV-related cancers and help protect everyone’s health.