Pregnancy introduces several changes into a woman's body, most of which can be associated with discomfort and pain. For many pregnant women, one such change is a sore vagina. Although minor vaginal discomforts are part and parcel of the pregnancy experience, specific types of vaginal pains may require medical attention to determine if there is an underlying problem. 

Therefore, recognising the differences between normal and abnormal vaginal pain helps pregnant women understand when they need to visit their doctors. To help you understand better, we contacted our expert, Dr Ruchi Srivastav, Senior Consultant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Sharda Care Hospital - Greater Noida. Here is everything she shared with us.

Dr Srivastav highlighted that normal vaginal pain during pregnancy often results from various physiological changes as the body readies itself for delivery. Normal causes of vaginal pain during pregnancy include the following:

The more the pregnancy progresses, the body increases blood circulation to ensure the proper development of the fetus. Dr Srivastav explained that increased blood flow in the pelvic region often causes pressure, slight throbbing, and aching in the vaginal area however, all of it is normal.

During pregnancy, round ligaments and pelvic muscles stretch as the uterus expands. Stretching can cause mild pain or discomfort in the vagina, which normally becomes more intense in the second and third trimesters.

Also known as "false labour," Braxton Hicks contractions can cause a feeling of tightness or mild cramping in the vaginal area. These contractions are usually irregular and not a cause for concern.

Hormonal changes lead to an increase in vaginal discharge during pregnancy. While this can sometimes cause irritation or mild discomfort, it is generally harmless unless accompanied by itching, foul odour, or unusual colour.

Although some degree of vaginal pain is expected during pregnancy, certain symptoms should not be overlooked. Unusual vaginal pain may point to infections, complications, or other medical conditions that need prompt medical attention. The following are some red flags, as explained by Dr Srivastav:

If the vaginal pain is severe, persists for a long time, or becomes worse with time, it may indicate such conditions as preterm labour, cervical changes, or infection.

This can be due to a yeast infection, bacterial vaginosis, or a sexually transmitted infection that needs medical care.

Even though light bleeding during early pregnancy may not be a problem, heavy bleeding or pain akin to menstrual cramps may signify a miscarriage, placenta previa, or abruption of the placenta, and immediate medical attention is necessary.

If the pain is accompanied by a burning sensation during urination, it may be an indication of a urinary tract infection. If this condition is not treated in time, it may result in kidney infections or other complications in pregnancy.

According to Dr Srivastav, women who are pregnant should contact their healthcare provider if they have any of the following:

Pregnancy-related vaginal pain can range from mild discomfort to symptoms of a more serious illness. Being able to distinguish between normal and abnormal can help a pregnant woman manage their symptoms and seek medical treatment when needed. In situations when there is uncertainty, seeking advice from a medical professional guarantees the health of both the mother and the fetus during pregnancy.