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In , Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN)-based Geographical Indications (GI) Registry under the Department of Industry Promotion and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I), officially granted (GI) to indigenous textile, ‘  and .

“” is the for eri, named after the ryndia (castor) plant that nourishes the eri silkworms.
Ryndia or , commonly known as or . It derived its term, Peace Silk, from the age-old tradition of extracting silk from the cocoons without killing the silkworm.

Chief Minister ()- Conrad Kongkal Sangma
– Chandrashekhar H. Vijayashankar
– Lady Hydari Park((Meghalaya Zoo), Nehru Park Cum Mini Zoo
– Shillong Airport,  Baljek Airport

The India Global Forum() hosted its  -Leading the Leap was held from April  7–8, 2025 at the Jio World Convention Centre in Mumbai, .

.The event was graced by Union Minister Piyush Goyal, Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I), and Devendra Fadnavis, Chief Minister (CM) of Maharashtra, along with the presence of several other dignitaries.
During the IGF NXT25 Summit, the Government of signed 5 Memoranda of Understanding () worth approximately  with leading domestic and global investors to accelerate infrastructure development, economic growth, and innovation in the state.

Chairman & Managing Directo –  Manoj Kumar Dubey
– New Delhi, Delhi
–  1986

In April 2025, the Session of the India-Russia Working Group on Priority Investment Projects under the India-Russia Intergovernmental Commission on Trade, Economic, Scientific, Technological and Cultural Cooperation was held in New Delhi, Delhi.

During the WG meeting, India and Russia have agreed onwhich aimed to enhance bilateral investment cooperation.
.Also, co-chairs of the session which highlighted these projects of strategic importance to both countries and reviewed the outcomes of the session of IRWG-PIP.
These initiatives aim to enhance mutual investments, strengthen sector-specific partnerships, and foster deeper economic ties.
Both countries discussed various initiatives to bolster bilateral economic ties and reaffirmed their commitment to expand investment collaboration across key sectors.

It was organised by New Delhi (Delhi)-based which operates under DPIIT (MoC&I) and Kolkata (West Bengal, WB)-based Indian Chamber of Commerce in collaboration with the Ministry of Economic Development, Russia.
.The forum saw robust participation from over 80 stakeholders, including business leaders, financial institutions, logistics firms, trade bodies, and senior officials from both countries.

Vladimir Putin
Moscow
Russian Ruble (RUB)

In April 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra) based Cotton Association of India () and Queensland (Australia) based Australian Cotton Shippers Association () signed a Memorandum of Understanding () during a meeting at Cricket Club of India Limited (CCI) in Mumbai (Maharashtra) to enhance cooperation in cotton production, trade trends, pricing, and market insights.

AI-ECTA allows duty-free access for  (t) of Australian cotton annually to India, of which 50,000 tonnes are under an ‘allocated’ quota and 1,000 tonnes under a ‘first-come, first-served’ provision.
As per Australia’s Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF) data, the final export volume for 2024 reached 50,719 tonnes, nearly identical to the 50,690 tonnes recorded in 2023.
: According to the latest ASCA Market Report, ranked as market, accounting for 12% of total exports, after China (28%) and Vietnam (26%).

Prime Minister () – Anthony Norman Albanese
– Canberra
– Australian Dollar (AUD)

On 9 April 2025, (Singapore) was named the in during the , held at the Passenger Terminal Expo at Institución Ferial de Madrid (IFEMA) in Madrid, Spain. This marks the Singapore Changi Airport has won the title, a record in the history of the awards.

New Delhi’s (Delhi) Indira Gandhi International Airportor Delhi International Airport, was ranked  and also earned the title of in 2025.
Kempegowda International Airport Bengaluru (Karnataka), was ranked 48th. It has also been named the Best Regional Airport in India & South Asia.

.Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA), Hyderabad (Telangana), was ranked 56th.

– London, the United Kingdom (UK)
– 1989

In April 2025, Union Minister , Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare  and Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) led the Indian delegation at the 2025 BIMSTEC(Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) Agriculture Ministerial Meeting held in Kathmandu, .

While addressing the meeting, Union Agriculture Minister reiterated India’s commitment to regional agricultural cooperation and underscored the alignment of BIMSTEC with India’s ‘ and policies.
India has proposed to set up a BIMSTEC Centre of Excellence (CoE) for Agriculture Cooperation in India.

.On the sidelines of 3rd BAMM, Union Minister  MoA&FW (India) and , Minister for Agriculture and Livestock Development (Nepal) signed a Memorandum of Understanding   to enhance cooperation in the field of agriculture, which will further strengthen the bilateral relations of two countries.

 Shivraj Singh Chouhan (Constituency- Madhya Pradesh, MP)
Minister of State Ram Nath Thakur (Rajya Sabha- Bihar); Bhagirath Choudhary (Constituency- Ajmer, Rajasthan)

In April 2025, became the and   globally after Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Cuba, to sign a Country Partnership Framework with the International Solar Alliance, a treaty-based intergovernmental organization jointly launched by India and France in 2015.

The CPF, introduced by the ISA, is a strategic three-year renewable framework aimed at strengthening long- and medium-term collaboration with its member countries.

Under this CPF, a Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) will be developed to promote solar energy projects tailored to Mauritius’s specific needs.

The agreement aims to create a country-specific roadmap that supports Mauritius’s transition to clean energy in alignment with its national priorities.
The CPF also envisions the establishment of a Solar Technology Application Resource Centre (STAR-C) in Mauritius. This centre will act as a hub for innovation, training, and investment in solar technologies.
Mauritius previously collaborated with ISA under the initiative.

​The Global SolarX Accelerator Programme is an initiative by the ISA in collaboration with Business Mauritius.
.It aims to support and accelerate startups developing innovative, scalable, and cost-effective solar energy solutions across Africa and the Asia-Pacific (APAC) regions.

ISA was launched by India and France, aims to mobilize USD 1 trillion in solar investments by 2030.
Director General  – Ashish Khanna
– Gurugram, Haryana
– 2015

In April 2025, became the country to sign the , a set of non-binding agreements established by the Washington, D.C., United States of America (USA) based National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in October 2020, to promote peaceful, transparent, and cooperative civil exploration of outer space.

The are a framework grounded in the , the Registration Convention, and the Rescue and Return Agreement, aiming to ensure that space exploration activities are safe, sustainable, and conducted in accordance with international law.

Collaboration with NASA will enhance access to cutting-edge space technology, satellite systems, and scientific research.
Strengthen Dhaka-based Bangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organisation (SPARRSO), established in 1980, through technical assistance in developing earth observation satellites for disaster management (e.g., floods, cyclones).
Bangladeshi universities and scientists can collaborate globally, with students gaining access to NASA training programs and exchange initiatives.
Bangladesh joins with 53 nations, including the USA, India, Japan, and United Arab Emirates (UAE), in fostering responsible space exploration.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) held its 54th meeting from April 7 to 9, 2025 under the chairmanship of Shri Sanjay Malhotra, Governor, Reserve Bank of India.

The committee unanimously decided to:
Reduce the policy repo rate by 25 basis points to 6.00 per cent with immediate effect.
Consequently, the standing deposit facility (SDF) rate under the liquidity adjustment facility (LAF) was adjusted to 5.75 per cent and the marginal standing facility (MSF) rate and the Bank Rate were set to 6.25 per cent.

In April 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based market regulator, Securities Exchange Board of India has announced the constitution of  High-Level Committee  under the chairmanship of former Chief Vigilance Commissioner (CVC)to review provisions for its  officials to disclose  any conflicts of interest.

SEBI has relaxed disclosure norms for Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPI) by doubling the asset threshold limit for granular beneficial ownership (BO) disclosures from existing Rs 25,000 crore 
Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based a platform for frictional investment in commercial real estate, has received a license from SEBI to launch its Small & Medium Real Estate Investment Trust (SM-REIT) public issue.

In April 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra) -based Securities and Exchange Board of India () has introduced a for Specialized Investment Funds , effective from

:
Investors must maintain a minimum total investment of across all SIF strategies under one AMC, calculated at the Permanent Account Number () .

Exempted accredited investors and mandatory AMC employee investments.
:
Allows Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs), Systematic Withdrawal Plans (SWPs), and Systematic Transfer Plans (STPs).
Requires immediate redemption if market fluctuations cause investments to drop below Rs. 10 lakh.

SIFs are an investment product, bridging the gap between Mutual Funds (MFs) and Portfolio Management Services (PMS).
Designed for High-Net-Worth Individuals (HNIs) with tailored strategies like long-short equity, sectoral rotation, and multi-asset diversification.

The AMC must have a of operational history
Must maintain an Average Assets Under Management () of or more over the last 3 years.
.Each AMC is permitted to launch only one Specialized Investment Fund (SIF) strategy per category – equity, debt, or hybrid.
: In March 2025, SEBI revised the minimum investment limit for Zero Coupon Zero Principal (ZCZP) Instruments listed on the Social Stock Exchange (SSE) from Rs 10,000 to Rs 1,000.

 – Tuhin Kanta Pandey
 – Mumbai, Maharashtra
– 1988

In April 2025, the Mumbai (Maharashtra) based National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development () India’s leading signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Shanghai (China) based New Development Bank () to establish a strategic framework for cooperation in and .

To create a deep and sustainable infrastructure financing market in India and develop a supportive ecosystem around it.​

NaBFID and NDB will partner in research and capacity-building initiatives, including seminars and workshops, to promote knowledge sharing and enhance institutional capabilities.
 , a multilateral development bank established  in 2015 by the nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). The bank mobilizes resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in .

In April 2025, Bengaluru (Karnataka) based fintech firm Software Private Limited partnered with NPCI BHIM Services Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), and Mumbai(Maharashtra) based Limited to launch the on the Bharat Interface for Money platform.

 BHIM Vega is a next-generation UPI plugin developed by NBSL and is built on the existing BHIM infrastructure.

: The Turbo UPI plugin eliminates the need for customers to switch to third-party applications during payments, thereby reducing transaction drop-offs and enhancing user experience.​
: By utilizing smart routing through multiple banking partners, the plugin ensures higher transaction success rates, even if one bank’s system encounters issues.
: The integration simplifies the onboarding process for businesses, allowing for quicker adoption and implementation of the payment solution.

In April 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based (formerly known as Piramal Capital & Housing Finance Ltd.), a leading Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC), entered into a co-lending partnership with Mumbai based Limited, a prominent private sector bank headquartered in Mumbai (Maharashtra).

‘
In April 2025, New Delhi(Delhi)-based , a Maharatna Public Sector Undertaking under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary named at the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) in Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City), Gujarat.

GAIL Global IFSC Limited is established to undertake global and regional corporate treasury functions and ship leasing activities.
This initiative allows GAIL to enhance its global presence and capital management capabilities through structured financial channels within India’s premier financial hub. ​

Siphandone Passed AwayIn April 2025, General Khamtay Siphandone, former President of Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) and former General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party, passed away at the age of 102 in Vientiane, Lao PDR. He was born on February 08, 1924 in Huakhongphayai village, Siphandone province (now Champasack province) in Lao PDR.

About General Khamtay Siphandone:
i.Khamtay Siphandone began his career as a postman and later trained as a telegrapher in Saigon, working in Phongsaly province by 1944.
ii.In 1944, he joined the Lao Issara movement and became a member of the Indochinese Communist Party in 1954 and joined the Central Committee of the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party in 1956.
iii.Hhe was elected as a member of the Politburo, the apex body of the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party at the 2nd Party Congress in 1972 and later, became the Commander-in-Chief of the Lao People’s Liberation Army.
ii.After seizing power nationwide in 1975, he was appointed Vice-Chairman of the Council of Ministers, Ministers of National Defence and Commander-in-Chief of the Lao People’s Liberation Army.
iii.The 6th session of the 2nd Supreme People’s Assembly appointed Khamtay as Prime Minister (PM) of the Lao PDR on August 15, 1991.
iv.He was elected President of Lao PDR in 1998 and retired from this post as well as chairman of the party in 2006.
v.In recognition of his contributions, he received numerous honors, including the Order of José Martí from Cuba and the Gold Star Order from Vietnam.​
About Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR):
President- Thongloun Sisoulith
Prime Minister (PM)- Sonexay Siphandone
Capital- Vientiane
Currency- Laotian Kip (LAK)

Renowned Publicist and Honorary Academy Awardee Marvin Levy Passed Away
In April 2025, Marvin Levy, the Oscar-winning American publicist, passed away at the age of 96 in Los Angeles, California, United States of America (USA).

About Marvin Levy:
i.Born in 1928, Marvin Levy began his career in the entertainment industry during the golden age of Hollywood, eventually rising to become one of the most respected names in film publicity.
ii.He started out as a publicist for film studios and TV networks, later joining Columbia Pictures, where he worked on campaigns for classic films like Lawrence of Arabia (1962) and Funny Girl (1968).
iii.His iconic collaboration with Steven Spielberg began with Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977) and continued with celebrated films like E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), Schindler’s List (1993), Saving Private Ryan (1998), and Lincoln (2012), among many others.
Awards and Honors:
i.Honorary Academy Award (2018): Awarded by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), recognizing his lifetime achievements and being the only publicist to ever receive this distinction.
ii.Les Mason Award (1994): Highest honour from the Publicists’ Guild.

IMPORTANT DAYS

National Safe Motherhood Day 2025– April 11

National Safe Motherhood Day (NSMD) is observed annually in India on 11 April to emphasize the importance of maternal healthcare, promote safe delivery practices, and reduce maternal mortality rates.

Background:
i.New Delhi(Delhi)-based White Ribbon Alliance India (WRA India), a grassroots organization advocating women’s health rights, initiated NSMD.
ii.The Government of India (GoI) officially declared 11 April as NSMD in 2003, marking the first observance that year.
Note: India remains the only country with a nation-specific motherhood day, reflecting its unique dedication to maternal welfare.
Maternal Health Challenges in India:
India accounts for 15% of global maternal deaths, with approximately 44,000 annual fatalities linked to inadequate prenatal care.
Key challenges include:

Government Initiatives:
To address these issues, the GoI launched several programs:
1.Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY): Launched in April 2005 as part of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM). It is a conditional cash transfer scheme to incentivize institutional deliveries.
2.Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): Introduced in 2016 to provide free antenatal check-ups on the 9th of every month.
3.Poshan Abhiyaan: Launched in 2018, aiming to improve maternal and child nutrition through community participation.
4.LaQshya Initiative: Initiated on 11th December 2017 to enhance the quality of care in labor rooms and maternity operation theatres.
5.National Health Mission (NHM): Established in 2013, encompassing the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) to strengthen healthcare infrastructure, particularly in rural regions.
6.Mother and Child Tracking System (MCTS): Introduced in December 2009 to digitally monitor health services for pregnant women and children.
About White Ribbon Alliance India (WRA India): 
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1999​

World Parkinson’s Day 2025 – April 11World Parkinson’s Day (WPD) is observed globally on 11 April annually to raise awareness about Parkinson’s disease (PD), a chronic degenerative disorder of the central nervous system affecting motor and non-motor functions.

Background:
i.The inaugural WPD was held in April 1997, co-founded by the European Parkinson’s Disease Association (EPDA), now known as Parkinson’s Europe, and co-sponsored by the World Health Organization (WHO).
ii. The 1997 event launched the Parkinson’s Europe Charter, uniting patients, families, and healthcare professionals to raise PD’s global profile.
iii.In December 2003, the WHO established a Working Group on Parkinson’s Disease, which led to the Global Declaration on Parkinson’s Disease, launched in Mumbai, Maharashtra  to shift societal attitudes toward PD.
Symbols and Awareness Initiatives:
i.The red tulip with a white fringe became PD’s official symbol during the 9th WPD Conference in Luxembourg (2005).
ii.In 2022, global PD organizations introduced ‘The Spark,’ a unified logo to strengthen advocacy and symbolize hope.
Parkinson’s Disease:
i.Parkinson’s disease disrupts dopamine production in the brain, impairing movement control. Symptoms include tremors, rigidity, and balance issues. While no cure exists, treatments like medication (e.g., levodopa), surgery, and lifestyle adjustments improve the quality of life.
ii.Over 10 million people live with PD globally, with cases projected to double by 2050.
Global Impact and Milestones:
i.WHO’s 2003 Global Declaration emphasized PD as a public health priority, urging nations to enhance research and care.
ii.According to the report by the Parkinson’s Disease Society, United Kingdom(UK), states that over 10 million individuals worldwide are currently living with various forms of Parkinson’s disease.

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