As Kenya marks Madaraka Day, attention turns to the thousands of workers powering the country’s Export Processing Zones (EPZs), a sector long marked by low wages and high staff turnover.

The country’s apparel factories, which form the bulk of the EPZ workforce, have come under increased scrutiny for working conditions and labour protections.

Critics say progress remains slow despite government promises to improve jobs for women and youth.

Some firms are trying new approaches to tackle these challenges by focusing on staff training, career development and financial wellness support.

One such firm is Ashton Mombasa Apparel EPZ Ltd (AMA), formed in 2022 through a merger of several older companies.

It says it now employs over 10,000 people across four factories in Mombasa and runs a recruitment programme called Campus to Corporate, targeting technical and vocational graduates.

“We believe in building a self-reliant Kenya by investing in our people,” said Stephen Murithi Njeru, AMA’s Senior Human Resource Manager.

Beatrice Otieno, Factory HR Manager, added: “Every woman who steps through our gates is more than an employee. She is a leader in the making.”

Government data shows EPZs employ more than 90,000 people nationwide, mostly in apparel.

The sector accounts for a significant share of Kenya’s exports but still faces ongoing scrutiny.

Abizer Lokhandwala, Country General Manager at AMA’s parent group, said: “When we invest in our people’s growth, we build not just businesses, but a future for Kenya.”