Kenya experienced a tumultuous period following the June 25, 2025, protests, which marked the first anniversary of the 2024 Gen Z-led anti-Finance Bill demonstrations. These protests, initially driven by demands for accountability for previous police actions, quickly escalated into widespread violence, property destruction, and a contentious political blame game. The aftermath saw a fierce government crackdown, significant arrests, and conflicting narratives regarding the instigators of the mayhem.

Deputy President Kithure Kindiki asserted that the violence was part of a calculated scheme to overthrow President William Ruto's government, labeling it an